Certified Dialysis Nurse Practice Test

Glomerulonephritis can often be a complication that arises from specific immune responses, particularly those involving the deposition of antigen-antibody complexes. When a person develops an infection, such as a streptococcal infection, the body produces antibodies to fight off the pathogens. In some cases, these antibodies can bind to antigens from the infection, forming immune complexes that circulate in the bloodstream.

If these circulating immune complexes get deposited in the glomeruli of the kidneys, they can trigger an inflammatory response. This leads to damage and alterations in the glomeruli's ability to filter blood effectively, resulting in glomerulonephritis. This form of kidney inflammation can be a direct consequence of the body's immune reaction to infections, particularly those caused by certain bacteria like Streptococcus.

The other options listed—diabetes, hypertension, and obesity—can contribute to kidney disease as well, but they typically lead to chronic kidney conditions through different mechanisms, such as sustained high blood sugar levels, prolonged high blood pressure effects on blood vessels, and metabolic changes associated with obesity, rather than directly causing glomerulonephritis through immune complex deposition. Thus, the connection between the streptococcal infection and the formation of antigen-ant

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