Certified Dialysis Nurse Practice Test

In the context of dialysis, vascular access is crucial for effectively performing the treatment. Arteriovenous fistulas and arteriovenous grafts are both established vascular access options for hemodialysis. An arteriovenous fistula is a direct connection between an artery and a vein, usually created surgically in the patient's arm to allow for adequate blood flow during dialysis. Arteriovenous grafts, on the other hand, involve a synthetic tube that connects an artery to a vein, providing an alternative when a patient has poor veins or other issues that prevent a successful fistula.

Central venous catheters are also a recognized form of vascular access for dialysis, especially in urgent situations or when immediate access is required. They are inserted into a large vein, typically in the neck or chest, allowing for blood to be drawn and returned during treatment.

Peripheral catheters, however, are not a standard vascular access method for long-term dialysis. These catheters are typically used for short-term access and are inserted into small veins, which may not provide the adequate blood flow needed for dialysis over an extended period. Thus, while peripheral catheters can be utilized for temporary dialysis access, they do not serve as a reliable long-term