Certified Dialysis Nurse Practice Test

Fluid retention in the abdomen, or ascites, can be associated with glomerulosclerosis due to its effects on kidney function. Glomerulosclerosis is a condition characterized by the scarring of the glomeruli in the kidneys, which can lead to a decline in the kidneys' ability to filter waste and excess fluids from the bloodstream effectively. As kidney function deteriorates, it can result in fluid buildup in tissues and cavities, particularly the abdominal cavity.

This process is often linked to nephrotic syndrome, a condition that can arise from glomerulosclerosis. In nephrotic syndrome, significant protein loss occurs through urine, leading to decreased oncotic pressure in the blood vessels. Consequently, fluid leaks into the surrounding tissues and cavities, contributing to retention and swelling in the abdomen. Understanding this mechanism is crucial for recognizing the complications associated with impaired kidney function and managing ascites in affected patients.